The autonomous driving industry is in full swing. Recently, DJI launched its intelligent driving business brand 'DJI In-Vehicle', officially becoming a Tier 1 supplier of autonomous driving solutions.
Looking at the development of the automobile industry over the past century, Tier 1 manufacturers are the most stable, and international manufacturers such as Bosch, ZF, and Magna have obvious advantages. Although China has a strong automobile industry, the volume of Tier 1 manufacturers is very small, which also hinders the development of the domestic automobile industry to a certain extent.
In the era of smart cars, the introduction of smart devices into cars is a historic opportunity for China's Tier 1 companies to come across in a century.
DJI has accumulated a lot of technology in the fields of drones and visual algorithms for many years, and it is the right time to enter the autonomous driving Tier 1 at this time.
DJI Automotive has announced three major solutions including DJI Intelligent Driving D130/D130+ (0～130km/h), DJI Intelligent Driving D80/D80+ (0～80km/h) and DJI Intelligent Parking, which are suitable for highways , urban expressway and parking lot three key vehicle scenarios.
For unstructured scenarios such as urban areas, DJI Vehicle also provides assisted driving functions in urban areas.
In actual use, DJI's in-vehicle intelligent driving solutions all allow drivers to drive without hands. D80+ and D130+ provide higher security through hardware and system security settings.
At the same time, DJI has also prepared a full set of autonomous driving sensors, including lidar, millimeter-wave radar, cameras, ultrasonic radar, and a full set of computing equipment, including high-performance and ultra-high-performance intelligent driving central domain controllers.
So, why does DJI dare to say that it is Tier 1, and how strong is DJI’s mass-produced autonomous driving solutions?
During the 2021 Shanghai Auto Show, Chess came to the DJI in-vehicle booth to find out.
1. Extremely rich in functions to solve the problem of automatic driving on urban roads
In 2016, the in-vehicle project was approved; in 2017, the closed road test began; in 2018, the intelligent driving system began to be normalized and tested on a large scale in various road scenarios; in 2019, the in-vehicle factory was put into production and cooperated with the OEM; 2020 , the on-board laboratory has been built... DJI has gone through 5 years.
Just before the 2021 Shanghai Auto Show, DJI officially announced its entry into the autonomous driving Tier 1, and released the DJI Intelligent Driving D130/D130+ (0～130km/h), DJI Intelligent Driving D80/D80+ (0～80km/h) and DJI’s three major autonomous driving solutions for smart parking have officially entered the Tier 1 autonomous driving category.
In terms of scenarios, DJI's autonomous driving solutions cover most car usage possibilities.
DJI Intelligent Driving D80/D80+ is developed for urban roads and urban expressways. It is suitable for the speed range of 0 to 80km/h. It can perform L2+ automatic driving on urban expressways, and also has L2+ automatic driving performance on urban roads.
▲DJI in-vehicle navigation assistance system
When driving on an urban expressway, the DJI Intelligent Driving D80/D80+ can simultaneously enable lane keeping and adaptive cruise to achieve L2+ level automatic driving. Advanced functions such as advanced overtaking assistance, intelligent obstacle avoidance, and navigation driving.
▲DJI vehicle-mounted active overtaking function
On urban roads, urban auxiliary ADAS functions can be realized, including ACC adaptive cruise with automatic follow-up start-stop, crossroad assistance, lane keeping function, and a large number of passive safety warning functions, so as to realize urban roads. of L2+ autonomous driving.
▲大疆车载紧急应急靠边停车
在使用过程中，大疆甚至允许驾驶员脱手驾驶，自动驾驶的过程中不需要驾驶员紧握方向盘。
大疆智能驾驶解决方案D80和D80+之间还有所不同，D80+拥有更多可选的传感器设备，感知能力更强，D80+在D80可脱手驾驶的基础之上，进一步增加了驾驶安全性。
据了解，如果未来法规开放，大疆D80+将拥有L3级的自动驾驶能力，在一定条件下，可以允许驾驶员不看道路驾驶，以实现半自动驾驶能力。
大疆的“脑洞”还不止于此，与D80/D80+同时发布的还有D130/D130+，车辆可以在0～130km/h的速度范围内实现自动驾驶功能，车辆在城市快速路上的全部能力，都能在高速公路场景下的使用。
总结来看，大疆发布的4个智能驾驶解决方案一共解决了两大行业难点：第一是允许脱手的L2级自动驾驶，第二是城市道路的自动驾驶功能。
全球范围内，能做到可脱手的L2+级自动驾驶系统的车企，更是非常稀有。
这是因为，根据现有法规，驾驶员在驾驶过程中需要手握方向盘，视线也不能离开道路。因此量产L2级自动驾驶车辆大多在方向盘中内置扭矩传感器或电动传感器，驾驶员需要时不时扭动或握住方向盘，让车辆“知道”驾驶员并没有走神。
为了让L2级自动驾驶体验更好，不少车企也在探索可脱手的L2级自动驾驶，不过真正在国内实现量产交付的，目前只有凯迪拉克CT6（参数丨图片）、宝马iX3等极少数车型。
大疆此次拿出可脱手的L2+级自动驾驶解决方案，是国内L2级自动驾驶解决方案的一次重大进步。
而城市道路的自动驾驶更是行业内的一个巨大难点。高速公路、城市快速路等结构化道路交通参与者非常简单，都是同方向行进的车辆。城市道路交通参与着十分复杂，行人、骑行者、对向车辆、侧向车辆都在路上行驶，并且城市道路有大量的十字路口、调头、转弯等场景，导致实现城市自动驾驶非常困难。
目前，特斯拉的FSD Beta城市道路自动驾驶功能正在美国小范围测试，开放中国用户使用还有一定的距离，极狐与华为联合打造的阿尔法S HI版目前还在量产前的最终研发阶段。
可见，大疆在城市道路的自动驾驶能力上也走到了行业前沿。
二、自动驾驶路线公布 停车场能实现L4自主代客泊车
在城市道路和高速路上能脱手进行L2+级自动驾驶，已经是量产自动驾驶行业的巨大进步。而在停车场内，大疆同样拥有丰富的解决方案，帮助司机泊车入位。
大疆公布了三大智能泊车解决方案，分别是DJI P5、P100和P1000，可以实现在0～30km/h的速度范围内辅助驾驶员或完全自主代客泊车，三套解决方案都支持在室内、室外、露天或封闭停车场泊车。
其中P1000可以实现自主代客泊车，包括远距离自主泊车和远距离自主召唤功能。驾驶员只需要将车辆停放在停车场外的指定位置，下车离开，车辆就会自行开进停车场，并找到合适的车位。
当车主需要取车时，车辆会自主发动并驶向驾驶员。
大疆P100智能泊车系统性能稍弱，但与P1000的区别仅在于可遥控车辆的距离，P1000可以实现远距离，而P100只能实现中距离。
大疆P5智能泊车解决方案拥有泊车辅助、出库辅助等辅助驾驶功能。
三大智能泊车系统还标配了3D全景影像、后向碰撞预警、后向紧急刹车等主动、被动安全功能。
在自动驾驶领域的竞争中，无论是芯片算力，传感器数量还是算法，行业内已经出现了非常激烈的竞争态势。面向未来，真正能把服务送到用户面前的厂商，才是最靠谱的。大疆也为其智能驾驶解决方案划定了时间表。
▲DJI product planning timetable
This year, DJI will start mass production of two intelligent driving solutions, D80 and D130, mass production of P100 automatic assisted parking system in 2022, mass production of D80+ and D130+ in 2024, and mass production of P1000 autonomous valet parking in 2025 car system.
At that time, DJI's autonomous driving Tier 1 will have a complete layout.
Although there is still some time before the mass production of some functions, the solutions of the entire industry are still at a relatively low level. In 2020, the penetration rate of L2-level autonomous driving in my country will be about 15%, and nearly 4 million new vehicles will be equipped with L2-level autonomous driving systems. However, there are few layouts for models with advanced functions, L2-level autonomous driving advanced functions that can be released, and models equipped with higher-level autonomous vehicles.
Therefore, DJI is also very scientific in its planning schedule for mass production of autonomous driving. It follows the trend of the entire industry and is not radical, but seeks stability.
3. All software and hardware are developed by ourselves, and the R&D testing process conforms to the Tier 1 standard
In the course of a century of automobile development, a large number of automobile brands have been born, but there are few Tier 1 brands. Overseas manufacturers such as Bosch, ZF, and Magna have a strong voice.
Especially in the L2-level autonomous driving system, Tier 2 manufacturer Mobileye provides chips, and Tier 1 Bosch helps to produce computing equipment. It has won dozens of models in China at one time. It is difficult for China's local Tier 1 to achieve such results.
However, with the rapid development of smart cars today, this phenomenon is expected to undergo subversive changes.
For the hardware, software and services required in smart cars, Chinese companies take advantage of localization to make it easier to make their products better. This is a great opportunity for a homegrown Tier 1.
As one of the earliest technology companies established in China, DJI has a deep layout in the fields of visual algorithms, autonomous driving, and software services, and DJI has also chosen the precise track of autonomous driving Tier 1.
As smart cars gradually become the first choice for people to buy cars, DJI has a very broad opportunity to become Tier 1 autonomous driving.
At the same time, DJI also has strong strength in autonomous driving Tier 1. In terms of R&D personnel, by the end of 2020, there were more than 500 core R&D members in DJI in-vehicle, and 87% of them were masters and doctors. Supplier's study and work experience. In terms of intelligent manufacturing and quality system construction, DJI also has an engineering team of more than 200 people, 90% of which are from well-known OEMs and Tier 1 manufacturers, providing support for the mass production of intelligent technologies.
In terms of independent intellectual property rights, by the end of 2020, DJI had obtained more than 1,000 patents in intelligent driving and related fields.
During the research and development process, DJI Vehicle started from three aspects: supply chain management capability, quality assurance capability, and new product development capability, and built a vehicle-level management system, which was developed in strict accordance with IATF16949, ISO26262, ASPICE, ISO21434 and other standards. , build and manage products.
After the research and development is completed, DJI also has a complete testing and verification system. In addition to the construction of a self-developed tool chain based on simulators, a test operation center has also been established, and a professional test operation team has been formed to form a complete system of testing, test operation, and safety officer training.
▲DJI vehicle simulation tool
According to the test strategies and requirements of A-SPICE and ISO 26262, DJI's vehicle-based V-model test system is based on the industry test experience of ISO 21448, ISO 34502, Enable S3, PEGASUS, etc., combined with its own experience in the test field. A set of scenario-based testing methodology has been built up. The system stipulates a clear test layer, each test layer is equipped with a complete test strategy, methodology, tool chain, and is supported by professional testers.
In addition, DJI Automotive is a member of the ASAM Automation and Measurement System Standardization Association, and has participated in the standardization of many intelligent driving simulation and simulation tools. In order to deeply verify the intelligent driving system, in addition to the use of common test tools in the industry, DJI also built a self-developed tool chain based on simulators, which can independently complete the closed-loop verification of simulator tests and real tests.
In addition, DJI Vehicle has an intelligent manufacturing and testing center, which focuses on the manufacturing and testing of hardware such as sensors and computing equipment.
DJI In-Vehicle has complete process development capabilities, and can complete vehicle-level intelligent production of intelligent driving core components including SMT, automated assembly, and automated testing.
DJI Automotive has a professional vehicle regulatory laboratory team, and the tests cover EMC, electrical, environmental reliability, mechanical, material and chemical, failure and physical analysis and other fields. DJI's self-built testing center can ensure its own parts testing needs, and can respond in a timely manner after problems are found.
At the DJI in-vehicle booth at the 2021 Shanghai Auto Show, DJI exhibited dozens of sensors that are already capable of mass production, and these sensors will also be installed in mass-produced vehicles in the future.
In terms of perception hardware, DJI has a variety of perception devices such as vision sensors, lidars, millimeter-wave radars, and ultrasonic radars.
DJI Intelligent Driving System D80/D80+ and D130/D130+ have 1 set of forward-looking binocular camera, 4 surround-view fisheye cameras (D80 optional, other standard configuration), and DMS camera (D80/D130 optional, other standard configuration) ). Among them, the front-view binocular camera of D80/D80+ is 2 million pixels, the pixel of D130/D130+ binocular camera is 8 million, and it is also equipped with a 2-megapixel rear-view monocular camera.
▲DJI Intelligent Driving Solution D130+ Hardware Configuration
This is because the working scene of the D130/D130+ is more complex, and the faster speed means that the camera has to see farther.
Another feature of DJI’s front-view binocular camera is that the specifications of the two cameras are exactly the same. According to reports, the use of this configuration is to allow the entire system to simulate the human eye to measure the distance.
▲DJI 8-megapixel binocular camera with lidar in the center
At present, even if Tesla uses a front-view trinocular camera, due to the different focal lengths of the three lenses, the actual effect is three monocular cameras.
In addition, DJI Intelligent Driving D80/D130 can be equipped with lidar, and D80+/D130+ is equipped with lidar as standard.
The location where the lidar is installed is even more mind-boggling. DJI engineers installed the lidar on the exterior mirrors, and there are surround-view cameras below the mirrors. At the same time, the lidar can also be installed between the front-view binocular cameras or at the front of the car, with a variety of solutions.
▲ Electronic rearview mirror with integrated lidar, fisheye lens and monocular vision sensor
In addition to cameras and lidars, there are 5 millimeter-wave radars and 12 ultrasonic radars. One of the millimeter-wave radars is a long-range front radar, and four are short-range angle radars.
With powerful sensors, DJI intelligent driving solutions also have powerful computing equipment. Among them, the D80/D80+ is equipped with a high-performance intelligent driving central domain controller with a computing power greater than 20TOPS, and the D130/D130+ is equipped with a more powerful central domain controller, which can reach a computing power higher than 100TOPS according to the needs of OEM manufacturers.
▲DJI in-vehicle intelligent driving domain controller
According to reports, at present, DJI does not pursue the ultimate high computing power, but selects the optimal computing equipment to achieve automatic driving under the existing sensor configuration conditions, and there is still room for upgrading in the future.
At DJI's booth, the central domain controller has three cooling methods: passive cooling, air cooling, and liquid cooling, which can also meet the needs of different manufacturers.
DJI announced the DJI in-vehicle brand on the eve of the 2021 Shanghai Auto Show and became the autonomous driving Tier 1. Obviously, it came prepared. Today, in the field of autonomous driving, DJI already has the supply capacity of the world's leading companies such as Bosch.
Conclusion: DJI has the confidence to be a Tier 1 vehicle
DJI, established in 2006, has been deeply involved in the field of drones, and has also made great efforts in the field of vision in recent years. DJI announced its entry into the vehicle field at this time, and it has many years of technical reserves. Therefore, at the 2021 Shanghai Auto Show, DJI also announced cooperation with leading car companies such as SAIC-GM-Wuling and Volkswagen.
To be Tier 1, it is necessary to directly cooperate with OEM manufacturers. Tier 1 products are also the final form of auto parts before they are assembled into a complete vehicle, and the quality requirements are very high, which is why many companies only dare to be Tier 2.
Today, with the rapid development of science and technology, China's big technology companies have the courage and the strength to play the role of Tier 1. The entry of DJI in-vehicles will definitely make mass-produced autonomous driving more exciting.